October 6/26 Session 1 1 pm-3 pm
Paul, Lawrence, Rick, Arno,Francis, Miles,Jim
We started the season off today with a workshop on wood staining. Lawrence explained the steps and the problems as he went through this .
1 Wood species is important as variations exist such as open grain, closed grain, medullary rays. eg
Oak is open grain
Pine is a closer grain
Beech, maple, birch are tight grained
2 Mill marks are common after planing the wood especially on a jointer and thickness planer.Rubbing chalk over the board will highlight mill marks making it easier to scrape them out.
3 Scrapers are ideal for smoothing the surface; they can be made from hack saw blades.
They should be ground flat and then burnished to produce a rolled wire edge, which is what does the work on the wood surface. Scrapers should produce small shavings--not dust. Gently taper/round the ends of the scraper so that it does not dig into the wood surface. Aa block plane can be used as a scraper : grind the front of the blade almost square rather than angled like in normal use. Try to use the center of the scraper by flexing it as you push into the wood.You can create a sharp scraper by honing the edge on a stone-leaving a wire edge. Push the scraper at an angle rather than square to the surface.
4 Use a flat block for sanding. Start at 100 to 150. Don't saand above 180 as the wood will be burnished at higher grits and the stain wont take as well.Use short , small strokes , going across the board in small areas from the bottom, working towards the top and then extending the sanding forward and finally using long continuous strokes up the length of the board.
Do not sand across the grain
5 Vacuum the surface after each grit change
6 For some species, like cherry, Use wood conditioner such as Minwax conditioner . Apply with a rag or brush and let it pool on the surface before finally wiping it off.
For open grain use a wood grain filler such as Mohawk. These can be bought to match the stain colour that you will be applying.
Interesting commentary:
Wood that grows in windy areas or on a river bank will develop stress and is hard to mill properly
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